Financial Literacy · Lesson 2

Needs vs. wants: building a simple budget

A budget is just a plan for your money before you spend it. Instead of wondering where it all went at the end of the month, you decide ahead of time where it's going.

The first skill that makes a budget work is telling the difference between what you need and what you want.

Needs vs. wants

Wants aren't bad. Spending on things you enjoy is part of the point of having money. The goal is to choose them on purpose, after your needs and savings are covered.

The gray areas

Lots of things are part need, part want. Food is a need; eating out three times a week is a want. A phone might be a need for school and safety; the newest model is a want. When you're not sure, ask: "What's the cheapest version that would still do the job?" That part is the need. Everything above it is a want.

Build a budget in five steps

Quick example Maya earns $100 a month babysitting. Her needs are her share of the phone bill ($20) and a bus pass ($15), so $35. She pays herself first and saves $20 toward a $300 bike. That leaves $45 for wants, like snacks with friends and a new game. Total: $35 + $20 + $45 = $100. Every dollar has a job, and she'll have her bike in about 15 months.

Try it: need or want?

Sort each item. There's a best answer for each, but notice where the gray areas show up.

Need or want?

A bus pass to get to school
Limited-edition sneakers when your current pair still fits
Lunch on a school day
Upgrading to the newest phone when yours works fine

Quick check

1. What is a budget?
2. What does "pay yourself first" mean?
3. Jordan earns $80 a month, spends $30 on needs and saves $16. How much is left for wants?
← All lessons